Valuation

In business, managers need a method to assess the value of every decision or project. Hence, valuation is developed to help stakeholders assess the worth of almost everything. It involves determining the fair market value of an asset, company, or investment opportunity. In this article, we will introduce the concept of valuation (DCF) and some common ways to perform valuation in business.

In business, mergers and acquisitions (M&A) serve as catalysts for growth, transformation, and enhanced capital market dynamics. For a company, M&A is a strategic decision that can create significant value for business by combining complementary assets, expanding market share, or achieving operational efficiencies; in other words, to achieve synergy.

In 2014, the CFA Institute in the US began discussing the incorporation of ESG (Environmental, Social, and Governance) factors into investment decision-making and business valuation. However, the measurement involved in each rating varies greatly, thus confusing users. Given this, TEJ released the “TESG Rating Index (TESG Rating) ” on March 31, 2022, a tool for reference in investment and credit. What’s more, we use the TESG Rating to explore its correlation with commonly-used valuation multiples, such as the price-to-book (P/B) ratio and price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio.